Standalone Photovoltaic Power Stabilizer Using Double Series Connected Converter in Sudden Cloud Condition

Renewable energy is clean energy that cannot harm the environment in its way, especially on standalone photovoltaic electricity generation. The only problem with renewable energy electricity generation is the intermittency and its instability in power quality and power efficiency. Power system stability in renewable energy is essential during the real environmental case problem such as the sudden cloud. The sudden cloud, known for its ability to decrease solar irradiance input, depends on how thick and big the cloud is. Several attempts had been tried to increase renewable energy power system stability, including modifying its maximum power point tracker with a new algorithm such as perturb and observe. This paper discussed an improved way of maintaining renewable energy power system stability using perturb and observe Algorithm in a double series-connected Converter as the current and power stabilizer. The results show that the current overshoot has decreased by 65,336%, and the current sudden cloud undershoot decreased by 10,529%. Power overshoot also decreased by 43,685%, and the power of sudden cloud undershoot has decreased by 7,133%

Standalone Photovoltaic Power Stabilizer Using Double Series Connected Converter in Sudden Cloud Condition

Renewable energy is clean energy that cannot harm the environment in its way, especially on standalone photovoltaic electricity generation. The only problem with renewable energy electricity generation is the intermittency and its instability in power quality and power efficiency. Power system stability in renewable energy is essential during the real environmental case problem such as the sudden cloud. The sudden cloud, known for its ability to decrease solar irradiance input, depends on how thick and big the cloud is. Several attempts had been tried to increase renewable energy power system stability, including modifying its maximum power point tracker with a new algorithm such as perturb and observe. This paper discussed an improved way of maintaining renewable energy power system stability using perturb and observe Algorithm in a double series-connected Converter as the current and power stabilizer. The results show that the current overshoot has decreased by 65,336%, and the current sudden cloud undershoot decreased by 10,529%. Power overshoot also decreased by 43,685%, and the power of sudden cloud undershoot has decreased by 7,133%

Adaptive virtual inertia controller based on machine learning for superconducting magnetic energy storage for dynamic response enhanced

The goal of this paper was to create an adaptive virtual inertia controller (VIC) for superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES). An adaptive virtual inertia controller is designed using an extreme learning machine (ELM). The test system is a 25-bus interconnected Java Indonesian power grid. Time domain simulation is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed controller method. To simulate the case study, the MATLAB/Simulink environment is used. According to the simulation results, an extreme learning machine can be used to make the virtual inertia controller adaptable to system variation. It has also been discovered that designing virtual inertia based on an extreme learning machine not only makes the VIC adaptive to any change in the system but also provides better dynamics performance when compared to other scenarios (the overshoot value of adaptive VIC is less than -5×10-5)

Novel PID Controller on Battery Energy Storage Systems for Frequency Dynamics Enhancement

Frequency dynamics is one of the important aspects of power system stability. From the frequency dynamics, the operator could plan how is the reliability of the electricity. The frequency can be maintained by controlling the balance between load demand and generation. To maintain the balance of the generation, the governor is playing an important role to increase the speed of the turbine and enhance the generating capacity of the generator (ramp-up). However, as the speed of the governor is slower than the increasing load demand, in the sub-transient area, the frequency may experience higher overshoot. Hence, it is important to add additional devices such as battery energy storage systems to enhance the frequency dynamics response in the sub-transient area. One of the important parts of storage is the controller. The controller must make sure the storage charges and discharge energy are in the sub-transient area. Hence PID controller can be the solution to make the storage operate optimally This paper proposed a novel PID controller on battery energy storage systems (BESS) to enhance the dynamics performance of frequencies. The five-area power system is used as the test system to investigate the efficacy of the proposed novel idea. Time domain simulation is investigated to see the improvement of the frequency dynamics response. From the simulation results, it is found that adding a PID controller on BESS could enhance the BESS response and result in frequency dynamics response improvement

Analisis Distribusi Medan Listrik pada Isolator Gantung Jenis Polimer akibat Pengaruh Kontaminan

The paper investigates the electric field distribution in polymer suspension insulator when exposed to contaminants. The analyzed suspension insulator has glass core and will be simulated using FEM (Finite Element Method) software. Contaminant used is sea water. Simulations carried out by comparing the condition of the electric field on the surface of the insulator which is contaminated by seawater with normal conditions. In addition, the influence of the contact angle on the characteristics of the electric field distribution in insulators will also be analyzed. Therefore, the shape of contaminants are varied by considering the contact angle Then, to determine the deeper influence of contaminant, the analysis is carried out in three different places, which is the core part, the surface of the insulator and the fin closest to the working voltage insulator. From the conducted analysis, it is known that the contaminants are not much affected the electric field distribution at the core, but became very influential in the distribution of the electric field at the surface of the insulator and the fin closest to the working voltage insulator. Furthermore, the contact angle of contaminants affects the characteristics of the distribution of the electric field significantlyKeywords : Glass Core Rod, Polymer Suspension Insulator, Sea Water Contaminant, Contact Angle Abstrak—Paper ini menyelidiki distribusi medan listrik pada isolator gantung berbahan polimer ketika isolator tersebut terkena kontaminan. Isolator gantung yang dianalisis mempunyai inti gelas dan akan disimulasikan menggunakan perangkat lunak berbasis FEM (Finite Element Method). Kontaminan yang digunakan adalah air laut. Simulasi dilakukan dengan membandingkan kondisi medan listrik pada permukaan isolator yang terkontaminasi air laut dengan kondisi normal. Selain itu, juga akan dianalisis pengaruh sudut kontak terhadap karakteristik distribusi medan listrik di isolator. Oleh karena itu, bentuk kontaminan divariasikan dengan mempertimbangkan sudut kontak Kemudian, untuk mengetahui pengaruh lebih dalam, analisis dilakukan di tiga tempat yang berbeda, yaitu pada bagian inti, permukaan isolator dan sirip terdekat dengan tegangan kerja isolator. Dari analisis yang dilakukan, diketahui bahwa kontaminan yang menempel tidak banyak mempengaruhi persebaran medan listrik pada bagian inti, namun menjadi sangat berpengaruh pada persebaran medan listrik di permukaan isolator dan sirip terdekat dengan tegangan kerja isolator. Lebih jauh lagi, sudut kontak dari kontaminan mempengaruhi besar dan karakteristik dari persebaran medan listrik secara signifikan.Kata Kunci : Batang Inti Bahan Gelas, Isolator Gantung Polimer, Kontaminan Air Laut, Sudut Konta

Comparative analysis of evolutionary-based maximum power point tracking for partial shaded photovoltaic

The characteristics of the photovoltaic module are affected by the level of solar irradiation and the ambient temperature. These characteristics are depicted in a V-P curve. In the V-P curve, a line is drawn that shows the response of changes in output power to the level of solar irradiation and the response to changes in voltage to ambient temperature. Under partial shading conditions, photovoltaic (PV) modules experience non-uniform irradiation. This causes the V-P curve to have more than one maximum power point (MPP). The MPP with the highest value is called the global MPP, while the other MPP is the local MPP. The conventional MPP tracking technique cannot overcome this partial shading condition because it will be trapped in the local MPP. This article discusses the MPP tracking technique using an evolutionary algorithm (EA). The EAs analyzed in this article are genetic algorithm (GA), firefly algorithm (FA), and fruit fly optimization (FFO). The performance of MPP tracking is shown by comparing the value of the output power, accuracy, time, and tracking effectiveness. The performance analysis for the partial shading case was carried out on various populations and generations

Effect of Corona Ring Design and Placement on the Distribution of Electric Fields on 500 kV Gantry Substation in Indonesia

High electric field intensity in string isolators can trigger corona which results in premature aging of the insulator. One solution to overcome this problem is by installing the corona ring, the corona ring will uniform the electric field distribution of the insulator adjacent to the conductor. However, the dimensions and placement of the corona ring will affect the performance of the corona ring in distributing the electric field. therefore, this study will discuss the effect of dimensions and placement of the corona ring on the electric field distribution. Parameters observed were ring length, ring angle and height of corona ring. Simulation with the finite element method (FEM) is used to model the electric field distribution value for each parameter change. As a comparison, changes in corona ring parameters compared to the corona ring design are commonly used in 500 kv gantry substation in Indonesia

Analisis Distribusi Medan Listrik pada Isolator Gantung Jenis Polimer akibat Pengaruh Kontaminan

The paper investigates the electric field distribution in polymer suspension insulator when exposed to contaminants. The analyzed suspension insulator has glass core and will be simulated using FEM (Finite Element Method) software. Contaminant used is sea water. Simulations carried out by comparing the condition of the electric field on the surface of the insulator which is contaminated by seawater with normal conditions. In addition, the influence of the contact angle on the characteristics of the electric field distribution in insulators will also be analyzed. Therefore, the shape of contaminants are varied by considering the contact angle Then, to determine the deeper influence of contaminant, the analysis is carried out in three different places, which is the core part, the surface of the insulator and the fin closest to the working voltage insulator. From the conducted analysis, it is known that the contaminants are not much affected the electric field distribution at the core, but became very influential in the distribution of the electric field at the surface of the insulator and the fin closest to the working voltage insulator. Furthermore, the contact angle of contaminants affects the characteristics of the distribution of the electric field significantly

STUDY OF ELECTRIC FIELD DISTRIBUTION ON RESIN TYPE POLYMER INSULATOR UNDER CONTAMINANT EFFECT

Suspension insulator is one of the insulators which are frequently used in the transmission and distribution systems. Recently, material that is commonly used in suspension insulator is polymer. This material has several advantages compared to porcelain and glass, among others, has a lighter density, dielectric properties and better thermal properties [1,2]. Polymer insulator also has a water-resistant properties (hydrophobic), where these properties are not owned by porcelain or glass insulators so that the polymer is more effective when used in areas that have high levels of contaminants such as urban / industrial and coastal [3,4]. Suspension insulator material in construction affects the dielectric strength of the insulator. In addition to insulating materials, dielectric insulating ability is also affected by the level of contaminants and the insulator surface conditions. The more severe levels of contaminants which are attached, it will greatly affect the electric field distribution in the insulator itself. In this study, the electric field distribution in polymer suspension insulator when exposed to contaminants is investigated. The analyzed suspension insulator has resin core and will be simulated using FEM (Finite Element Method) software. Sea water is used as contaminant and it will be varied considering contact angle (Ɵ). Formed contact angle affect the hydrophobic properties of the insulator material. If the hydrophobic insulator value decreases, the ability of the dielectric insulator was reduced [5]. Therefore, in this study, the contaminant is varied into two types. The first type (contaminant I) is partially wet which has 30o < Ø< 89o while the second type (contaminant II) is fully wet which has 0o < Ø < 30o. Insulator is modeled in 3D using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software based on real insulator. The model has resin core, is covered by polymer sheath, and has 35 kV rating. Then, simulation is carried out by comparing the condition of the electric field on insulator where the surface is contaminated by seawater with normal conditions. Moreover, to determine the deeper influence of contaminant, the analysis is carried out in three different places, which is the core part, the surface of the insulator and the fin closest to the working voltage of insulator. From the conducted analysis, it is known that the contaminants are not much affected the electric field distribution at the core, but became very influential in the distribution of the electric field at the surface of the insulator and the fin closest to the working voltage insulator, as shown in figure 1. From that figure, it can be seen that the electric field rise significantly at contaminant area and then go down exponentially with the length from the working voltage area. In addition, figure la show that the electric field rise more frequent than figure lb. It can be concluded that the contact angle of contaminants affects the characteristics of the distribution of the electric field significantly